13 Best OTC Cold Medicines for Your Cough, Congestion, and More

13 Best OTC Cold Medicines: Liquids, Tablets, Sprays, and More

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Over-the-counter (OTC) cold medicines don't require a prescription from a doctor and are easily accessible at pharmacies and supercenters. They contain active ingredients that help alleviate the most common symptoms associated with viral respiratory infections, such as congestion, coughing, and sore throat.

Typically, you only need to take cold medicine for a few days during the peak of symptoms.

There are several types of OTC cold medicines, including decongestants for nasal congestion, cough suppressants, and analgesics for sore throats, headaches, and general aches.

Some cold products contain drug combinations that target more than one symptom — these are known as combination or multi-symptom medications. When deciding on which option is best for you, consider whether it addresses your specific symptoms, potential side effects, and any existing medical conditions, medications, or allergies.

To help you choose the best OTC cold medicine, we spoke with experts to get their insights on what to look for and their top picks. Here are the products we recommend.

When to Consult Your Doctor

In most cases, a cold can be treated at home and will go away within a few days, says Dylan Huber, PharmD, the clinical pharmacy coordinator at Saint Anthony Hospital Pharmacy in Chicago, Illinois.

However, he says you should contact your doctor if your symptoms are severe or last longer than expected, as this could be a sign of a more serious infection.

Other times you should contact your doctor, according to Huber, include:

  • If symptoms don’t improve or worsen (usually after 10 days)
  • You're experiencing shortness of breath, trouble breathing, or chest pain
  • Your fever lasts more than three days
  • You have a severe sore throat, headache, or sinus pain

Our Top Picks for Best OTC Cold Medicine

When to Consult Your Doctor

In most cases, a cold can be treated at home and will go away within a few days, says Dylan Huber, PharmD, the clinical pharmacy coordinator at Saint Anthony Hospital Pharmacy in Chicago.

However, he says you should contact your doctor if your symptoms are severe or last longer than expected, as this could be a sign of a more serious infection.

Other times you should contact your doctor, according to Dr. Huber, include:

  • If symptoms do not improve or worsen (usually after 10 days)
  • You're experiencing shortness of breath, trouble breathing, or chest pain
  • Your fever lasts more than three days
  • You have a severe sore throat, headache, or sinus pain

Best Daytime

Robitussin Cough Plus Chest Congestion DM Max

$23.71 at Amazon
$24.96Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Nondrowsy formula
  • Easy to measure with provided dosing cup
  • Contains an expectorant to help loosen mucus
  • Widely available at most drugstores and online

Cons

  • May cause mild side effects like upset stomach
  • Contains artificial colors and flavors
  • Active ingredients: Dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg)
  • Form: Liquid
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Cough, chest congestion

The main draw of Robitussin Cough Plus Chest Congestion DM Max is its ability to relieve mucus or phlegm-related symptoms, like chest congestion, a productive cough, and mucus buildup in the airways.

This daytime formula helps ease symptoms without making you tired. While the Robitussin brand may be best known for its cough syrup, this product pairs its signature cough relief with added chest congestion and mucus relief.

Guaifenesin, the expectorant in this medicine, may thin and loosen mucus in your lungs and airway so it's easier to cough up and expel.

 Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant that can help reduce the frequency and intensity of coughing.

This medicine comes in liquid form, which can potentially work faster than pills or tablets because the body absorbs it more easily.

It's a great option for those dealing with multiple symptoms, but it comes with a few potential risks. People taking prescription monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or who have high blood pressure or diabetes should consult their doctor before taking this medicine. Mild side effects like upset stomach, nausea, or dizziness may occur.

Best Nighttime

Mucinex Nightshift Cold & Flu

$16.14 at Amazon
$16.99Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Relieves nighttime symptoms
  • Contains medication with sedative effect
  • Available in liquid or fast-release caplet form
  • Trusted ingredients for multi-symptom relief

Cons

  • Should not be combined with additional Tylenol
  • Cannot be used in situations where you must remain alert
  • Active ingredients: Liquid: acetaminophen (650 mg), dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), triprolidine HCL (2.5 mg). Caplets: acetaminophen (325 mg), dextromethorphan HBr (10 mg), triprolidine HCL (1.25 mg)
  • Form: Liquid or fast-release caplets
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Fever, headache, runny nose, sneezing, itchy throat, sore throat, body aches, nasal congestion, cough

When cold symptoms keep you up at night, we recommend Mucinex Nightshift Cold & Flu. It's available in fast-release caplets (lower dosage) or liquid form, depending on your preferences.

The formula contains three active ingredients: acetaminophen, which is a pain and fever reducer to help ease body aches; dextromethorphan, a cough suppressant to help reduce the frequency and intensity of your cough; and triprolidine, an antihistamine to help with sneezing, runny nose, cough, runny nose, and watery eyes.

Triprolidine works by blocking the overproduction of histamines your body makes in response to an allergic reaction. What’s more, by blocking your body’s production of acetylcholine, it helps dry up bodily fluids, easing a runny nose.

Triprolidine causes drowsiness, so should only be taken in situations where that’s safe. It should not be combined with other products that cause drowsiness or with topical antihistamines.

Acetaminophen (often referred to by its most common brand name, Tylenol) can cause liver damage if taken in high doses or combined with other products containing acetaminophen.

This cold medicine should not be taken by those who’ve taken MAOIs in the past two weeks. Those who have liver disease, glaucoma, emphysema, or persistent bronchitis should consult their doctor before taking it.

Best Liquid

Mucinex FastMax DM

$11.86 at Amazon
$17.98Now 34% Off

Pros

  • Fast-acting liquid form
  • Treats multiple symptoms
  • Also available in extended-release tablets
  • Does not cause drowsiness or hinder sleep

Cons

  • Flavor may not be to everyone’s taste
  • Harder to find in stores than other Mucinex products
  • Active ingredients: Dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg)
  • Form: Liquid
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Cough, chest congestion

Some cold medicines take an hour or more, but Mucinex FastMax DM Cold & Flu offers fast-acting relief from your chest congestion and lingering cough within as little as 30 minutes.

Its active ingredient, dextromethorphan HBr, works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain. It also contains an expectorant to help loosen and thin mucus in the chest.

Many people often prefer liquid medicines when they are sick because some cold medicine pills are quite large, and also because their sore, swollen throat makes swallowing pills more difficult.

It’s sweetened with sucralose, so is suitable for those who need to monitor sugar consumption. You can opt for extended-release tablets if you prefer to avoid the often unpleasant taste of liquid cold medicines.

This daytime formula is nondrowsy and also does not contain any antihistamines that may interfere with your ability to fall asleep or stay asleep. Make sure to consult your doctor before taking this medicine if you have any underlying health issues.

Best Tablet

Sudafed Sinus Congestion Relief Maximum Strength Decongestant Tablets

Pros

  • Single-ingredient product
  • Reduces sinus pressure and nasal congestion
  • Tablets easy to take on the go
  • Nondrowsy

Cons

  • Only available behind the pharmacy counter
  • May cause sleeplessness if taken too close to bedtime
  • Active ingredients: Pseudoephedrine HCl (30 mg)
  • Form: Tablet
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 6 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Sinus pressure, nasal congestion

While some people prefer liquid cold medicine over swallowing pills when they have a sore throat or congestion, others prefer pills to avoid the taste or added sugar of liquid medicine.

Sudafed Sinus Congestion Relief Maximum Strength Decongestant Tablets provide nondrowsy relief from two of the most common cold symptoms: sinus pressure and nasal congestion. The tablets are smaller than most competing capsules, so they're easier to swallow if you have trouble taking pills. It’s suitable for adults and children ages 6 and up.

Each tablet contains 30 milligrams (mg) of pseudoephedrine HCl, a nasal decongestant that helps reduce nasal swelling and inflammation by narrowing the blood vessels in the nasal passages.

While these tablets are available without a prescription, they can only be purchased in-store from behind the pharmacy counter. One drawback is that this medication may cause restlessness, so to help prevent trouble sleeping, it’s best to take your last dose of pseudoephedrine several hours before bedtime.

Pseudoephedrine should not be used if you have taken certain MAOIs in the last 14 days. If you have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid disorder, difficulty urinating due to an enlarged prostate, or glaucoma, ask your doctor or pharmacist if it’s safe for you to take pseudoephedrine.

Best for Stuffy Nose

Afrin No Drip Severe Congestion Nasal Spray

$15.64 at Amazon
$16.46Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Contains oxymetazoline hydrochloride to shrink swollen nasal passages
  • Lasts up to 12 hours
  • Easy to find in most drugstores
  • Convenient for travel

Cons

  • May cause sleep difficulties
  • May cause temporary nasal discomfort
  • Active ingredients: Oxymetazoline hydrochloride (0.05%)
  • Form: Nasal spray
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 6 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Nasal congestion, sinus pressure

There's nothing worse than trying to stay productive when dealing with a stuffy nose. Whether you’re dealing with a cold or allergies, Afrin No Drip Severe Congestion Nasal Spray goes to work in seconds to ease your nasal congestion and sinus pressure.

One dose of this nondrowsy nasal spray lasts up to 12 hours. It can be used by adults and children ages 6 and up. This formula also includes menthol and eucalyptol to really open things up.

Perfect for relief on the go, the tiny bottle is easy to toss into your work bag, purse, or carry-on luggage. Some experts even recommend Afrin nasal spray before flying to reduce ear pressure associated with air travel.

Afrin’s active ingredient, oxymetazoline hydrochloride, works by shrinking swollen nasal membranes to allow you to breathe easier.

This spray may cause temporary nasal discomfort, such as burning, stinging, or increased discharge. Other possible side effects include nasal dryness, sneezing, and sleep difficulties.
You should avoid taking this for more than a few consecutive days, says Raj Dasgupta, MD, a quadruple board-certified physician in internal medicine at Huntington Hospital in Pasadena, California. Nasal sprays may lead to rebound symptoms and dependency if used for more than seven days.

They also shouldn't be combined with the oral decongestants in many multi-symptom cold medications. If you have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid disorder, difficulty urinating due to an enlarged prostate, or glaucoma, ask your doctor or pharmacist if it’s safe for you to take oxymetazoline hydrochloride. Do not use oxymetazoline hydrochloride within 14 days of taking certain MAOIs.

Best for Cough

Delsym Adult Cough Suppressant Liquid

$14.22 at Amazon
$14.97Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Contains dextromethorphan HBr to help suppress coughing
  • Alcohol-free
  • Relieves cough for up to 12 hours
  • Comes in a pleasant orange flavor

Cons

  • May cause mild nausea, dizziness
  • Orange flavor may not appeal to all
  • Not recommended for those taking MAOIs
  • Active ingredients: Dextromethorphan polistirex extended release (30 mg)
  • Form: Liquid
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 4 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Cough

No one enjoys the constant annoyance and discomfort of a cough, especially when it seems like nothing helps. Delsym Adult Cough Suppressant Liquid is an effective option for a persistent cough due to a temporary respiratory illness like the common cold.

The active ingredient, dextromethorphan HBr, can suppress your cough reflex for up to 12 hours. The alcohol-free, orange-flavored liquid may be a more pleasant option if you have trouble swallowing pills or don't like the taste of traditional cough syrups.

There is a risk of mild side effects such as nausea and dizziness. It's also not recommended for those taking MAOIs due to the potential for drug interactions. You should also be aware of the potential for misuse of dextromethorphan — don't take more than the recommended dose or use it for longer than seven days.

Best for Sore Throat

Chloraseptic Max Strength Sore Throat Spray

$9.49 at Amazon
$9.99Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Numbing agent works on contact
  • Numbs pain for up to 2 hours
  • Sugar-free
  • Available in several flavors

Cons

  • Requires repeated applications
  • Doesn't treat any other cold symptoms
  • Not recommended for children under 3 years
  • Active ingredients: Phenol (1.5%), glycerin (33%)
  • Form: Spray
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 3 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Sore throat

If you only have one primary symptom, you may want to stick with a single-ingredient medication, since multi-symptom formulas may include ingredients you don’t need. Chloraseptic Max Strength Sore Throat Spray can provide fast relief when a sore throat is your main concern.

Phenol, the active ingredient, is a temporary numbing agent that starts working on contact to relieve a sore throat and mild irritation.

One of the benefits of Chloraseptic is its effectiveness — many users report feeling relief for up to two hours after using the spray. It also contains a humectant (glycerin) that helps retain moisture to keep your throat from getting too dry, which can contribute to throat discomfort.

The spray is available in wild berry, cherry, citrus, honey lemon, and menthol flavors. It's not recommended for children under 3 years old, and it's important to follow the recommended dose of no more than one spray in the back of your throat every two hours. Swish the spray around your mouth for 15 seconds before spitting it out.

Best for Aches and Pain

Tylenol Extra Strength Rapid Release Gels

$11.85 at Amazon
$16.59Now 29% Off

Pros

  • Potentially faster relief than traditional tablets
  • Single-ingredient product
  • Doesn't cause drowsiness
  • Widely available at most drugstores and online

Cons

  • Can cause upset stomach if not taken with food
  • Only relieves pain, not congestion or other nasal symptoms
  • Active ingredients: Acetaminophen (500 mg)
  • Form: Gel caps
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Fever, body aches and pains, headache

If you struggle with body pain, headaches, fever, and general discomfort when you get sick, Tylenol Extra Strength Rapid Release Gels may help.

These gelcaps only contain one active ingredient: 500 mg of acetaminophen. The drug is thought to block pain receptor signals, which can provide relief for mild to moderate pain.

Acetaminophen is one of the most widely used pain relievers in the world. It’s also stood the test of time, having been first prepared in 1878.

Taking single-ingredient products like this can ensure you’re not overmedicating, treating symptoms you don’t have, taking too much of a certain type of medication (like antihistamines), or risking additional side effects. It also ensures that if you have a reaction, you know exactly what ingredient caused it.

You can add a cough suppressant or decongestant to your OTC medication regimen as needed — just be sure it doesn’t also contain acetaminophen.

You should take Tylenol with food to avoid any potential stomach upset, as acetaminophen may cause nausea. Ask your doctor before taking this product if you have liver problems. Long-term use of acetaminophen can harm your liver.

Best Multi-Symptom

Vicks DayQuil Severe Cold & Flu

$18.37 at Amazon

Pros

  • Relieves 9 symptoms, including cough, congestion, sore throat
  • Acetaminophen for pain relief
  • Dextromethorphan HBr for cough, phenylephrine HCI for congestion
  • Contains guaifenesin to clear mucus and phlegm
  • Nondrowsy

Cons

  • Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine may increase heart rate in some
  • Phenylephrine can cause jitters, difficulty sleeping

Key specs

  • Active ingredients: Acetaminophen (650 mg), dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg), phenylephrine HCI (10 mg)
  • Form: 2 liquicaps
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Coughing, stuffy nose, minor body pain, chest congestion, sinus congestion, sinus pressure, sore throat, headache, fever

With Vicks DayQuil Severe Cold & Flu’s broad ingredient list, it covers all of the bases when it comes to the most common cold symptoms.

Connor Kriz, MD, a board-certified physician based in Grand Rapids, Michigan, recommends not overlooking the power of acetaminophen. “It is really effective in reducing the aches and pains that often accompany a cold, and also to help lower a fever,” he says.

Each dose contains 650 mg of acetaminophen, 20 mg of dextromethorphan HBr (cough suppressant), 400 mg of guaifenesin (expectorant/thins and loosens mucus), and 10 mg of phenylephrine HCI (nasal decongestant).

The addition of guaifenesin is what makes this product different from the regular Vicks DayQuil. Guaifenesin is used to help clear mucus or phlegm from the chest when you have congestion from a cold or flu. It works by thinning the mucus or phlegm in the lungs.

It’s worth noting that the phenylephrine in this nondrowsy daytime formula may cause jitters and difficulty sleeping in some people due to its stimulant properties.

Best Homeopathic

Sambucol Cold & Flu Relief

$9.74 at Amazon
$12.99Now 25% Off

Pros

  • Made with natural elderberry extract and zinc
  • Gluten-free
  • Tablets dissolve within minutes
  • Contains less than 1 gram of sugar

Cons

  • May not work as effectively as traditional medications for severe symptoms
  • Not recommended to use more than 2 consecutive days
  • Can cause gastrointestinal discomfort in some
  • Active ingredients: Bryonia (6X), gelsemium sempervirens (6X) (12X) (30X), sambucus nigra (3X) (6X), sulphur (12X), zincum gluconicum (2X) (6X)
  • Form: Quick-dissolve tablets
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 4 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Body aches, headache, dry throat, cough, sneezing, nasal congestion, fatigue
If conventional medications don't align with your preferences or you're looking for a more natural option, Sambucol Cold & Flu Relief may be worth considering. The tablets are made with elderberry extract and zinc, which Huber recommends for boosting your immune system.

Bryonia, a flowering plant derived from eastern and northern Europe, is another key ingredient that may help alleviate cough and other cold symptoms, according to research published in the Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine.

These gluten-free tablets dissolve quickly if pills aren't your thing. They also contain less than 1 gram (g) of sugar — a benefit if you're trying to limit your sugar intake or are living with a condition like diabetes.

It's important to note that homeopathic remedies may not be as effective for severe symptoms and should not be used for more than two consecutive days, per the manufacturer's recommendation.

Be aware that zinc can cause stomach upset and nausea in some, especially when taken at higher doses.

Best for Kids

Hyland’s Organic Kids All-in-One Cough Syrup Combo

$13.70 at Amazon
$21.99Now 38% Off

Pros

  • Made with natural herbal ingredients like elderberry, wild cherry bark
  • Naturally sweetened with organic agave syrup, honey
  • Includes vitamin C, zinc
  • No gluten, synthetic dyes
  • Kid-friendly grape flavor

Cons

  • Chamomile in nighttime formula may not be suitable for kids with allergies
  • Contains honey, which should not be given to babies under 12 months

Key specs

  • Active ingredients: Pomegranate fruit extract, ivy leaf extract, elderberry fruit extract, chamomile flower extract, organic honey
  • Form: Liquid
  • Recommended age: Children ages 1–12 years
  • Symptoms treated: Cough, nose, throat irritation

Hyland’s All-in-One Organic Cough Syrup Combo Pack uses gentle, USDA-certified organic ingredients such as elderberry, ivy leaf, and honey.

Many OTC cough and cold medicines contain multiple active ingredients, but using them on children can raise the risk of giving them too much of an ingredient if treating them with more than one medication.

Other risks include side effects. “In a small percentage of children, antihistamines like diphenhydramine can actually have a paradoxical effect and cause agitation or hyperactivity, which is the last thing we want in a sick kid,” says Brittany Chan, MD, a pediatrician at Texas Children’s Pediatrics in Spring, Texas.

Elderberry has traditionally been used to prevent and treat respiratory problems.

 Ivy leaf supplements, from the English ivy plant (Hedera helix), are among the most popular products for improving symptoms of chronic inflammatory bronchial conditions such as cough and mucus expectoration.
Because ivy leaf contains saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, the extract is thought to have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Honey is one of the first things Dr. Kriz recommends to parents of young children with a cough or scratchy throat. “You don’t always want to fully suppress a cough, as it is important to cough mucus up and out. Honey can soothe while not stopping the body’s natural processes,” he says.

It’s worth noting that honey should not be given to babies under 12 months due to the risk of infant botulism.

This cold medicine also contains zinc. “While vitamin C gets a lot of attention, it’s zinc that can greatly shorten the duration of a virus,” Kriz adds.

Hyland’s All-in-One Organic Cough Syrup Combo Pack comes with two bottles, one for daytime and one for nighttime, which contain chamomile to help promote soothing sleep.

Chamomile is one of the most widely used herbs in the world, especially in children, and is used orally as a mild sedative, says Paula Gardiner, MD, a board-certified family medicine physician at Boston Medical Center.

Best for People With High Blood Pressure

Coricidin HBP Maximum Strength Multi-Symptom Flu Tablets

$9.94 at Amazon
$10.46Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Formulated for those with high blood pressure
  • Contains acetaminophen for pain and general discomfort
  • Tablets are smaller than some competitors
  • Widely available at most drugstores and online

Cons

  • May cause dizziness or drowsiness
  • Not recommended for those taking MAOIs
  • Can't be combined with other medications containing acetaminophen
  • Active ingredients: Acetaminophen (325 mg), chlorpheniramine maleate (2 mg), dextromethorphan hydrobromide (10 mg)
  • Form: Tablets
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 12 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Fever, body aches, cough, runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes

If you have high blood pressure, it's important to be cautious when taking over-the-counter medications. Some active ingredients in cold medicines, such as phenylephrine, can cause a spike in blood pressure. Coricidin HBP Maximum Strength Multi-Symptom Flu Tablets are formulated specifically for those with high blood pressure.

This option contains acetaminophen to reduce pain and discomfort, as well as dextromethorphan for cough. It's decongestant-free to minimize the risk of increasing your blood pressure. Instead, these tablets contain an antihistamine that helps with sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. The tablets are smaller than many competitors, so may be easier to swallow.

One of the active ingredients, chlorpheniramine maleate, can contribute to dizziness and drowsiness.

Pay close attention to the recommended dosage and avoid taking other medications with acetaminophen while using this product. Like several of our other top picks, avoid this medication if you have taken MAOIs recently.

Best Sore Throat Lozenge

Cepacol Extra Strength Lozenges

$4.74 at Amazon
$5.99Now 21% Off

Pros

  • Contains 2 numbing agents
  • Provides temporary relief from sore throat pain
  • Available in several flavor options
  • Highly portable

Cons

  • Can't take if you're allergic to local anesthetics
  • Small risk of a rare blood disorder
  • Active ingredients: Benzocaine (15 mg), menthol (3.6 mg)
  • Form: Lozenge
  • Recommended age: Adults and children 5 years and older
  • Symptoms treated: Sore throat

Cepacol Extra Strength Sore Throat Lozenges contain two numbing agents, benzocaine and menthol, which can temporarily relieve sore or scratchy throat.

They dissolve in around 15 minutes and continue working for up to two hours. There are a variety of flavors to choose from, including cherry, honey lemon, and mixed berry. Plus, the lozenges are great for taking with you and are convenient for mild throat irritation when you prefer not to take unnecessary multi-symptom medication.

You shouldn't take these if you're allergic to local anesthetics like benzocaine, as it may cause a reaction. There's also a rare risk of developing methemoglobinemia, a blood disorder that prevents your red blood cells from carrying oxygen. Benzocaine has been linked to this condition in rare cases.

Comparison Table

Best
Active Ingredients
Form
Recommended Age
Symptoms Treated
Daytime
Dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg)
Liquid
Adults and children 12 years and older
Cough, chest congestion
Nighttime
Acetaminophen (650 mg), dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), triprolidine HCL (2.5 mg)
Fast-release caplets or liquid
Adults and children 12 years and older
Fever, headache, runny nose, sneezing, itchy throat, sore throat, body aches, nasal congestions, cough
Liquid
Dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg)
Liquid
Adults and children 12 years and older
Cough, chest congestion
Tablet
Pseudoephedrine HCl (30 mg)
Tablet
Adults and children 6 years and older
Sinus pressure, nasal congestion
For stuffy nose
Oxymetazoline hydrochloride (0.05 percent)
Nasal spray
Adults and children 6 years and older
Nasal congestion, sinus pressure
For cough
Dextromethorphan polistirex extended release (30 mg)
Liquid
Adults and children 4 years and older
Cough
For sore throat
Phenol (1.5%), glycerin (33%)
Spray
Adults and children 3 years and older
Sore throat
For aches and pain
Acetaminophen (500 mg)
Gel caps
Adults and children 12 years and older
Fever, body aches and pains, headache
Multi-symptom
Acetaminophen (650 mg), dextromethorphan HBr (20 mg), guaifenesin (400 mg), phenylephrine HCI (10 mg)
2 liquicaps
Adults and children 12 years and older
Cough, stuffy nose, minor body pain, chest congestion, sinus congestion, sinus pressure, sore throat, headache, fever
For people with high blood pressure
Acetaminophen (325 mg), chlorpheniramine maleate (2 mg), dextromethorphan hydrobromide (10 mg)
Tablets
Adults and children 12 years and older
Fever, body aches, cough, runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes
For kids
Pomegranate fruit extract, ivy leaf extract, elderberry fruit extract, chamomile flower extract, organic honey
Liquid
Children ages 1–12
Cough, nose, throat irritation
Sore throat lozenge
Benzocaine (15 mg), menthol (3.6 mg)
Lozenge
Adults and children 5 years and older
Sore throat

Other Notable Products We Considered

We also considered other well-known products but ultimately did not include them in our top picks. While these products can help alleviate common cold symptoms, our top recommendations have more targeted ingredients, fewer side effects, or are more suitable for preexisting conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes.

  • Theraflu Severe Cold Relief This powder mix contains acetaminophen (fever reducer and pain reliever) and dextromethorphan (cough suppressant). However, the price per serving is higher than that of liquid and tablet forms, and the powder form may be inconvenient for some.
  • Zicam Zinc Cold Remedy While zinc is proven to help reduce the duration and severity of cold symptoms, many people don't realize that taking too much zinc or taking it for too long can lead to adverse effects like nausea, headache, and upset stomach.

How We Chose the Best OTC Cold Medicine

To help you choose the best OTC cold medicine, we spoke with five experts, including two pharmacists, a former nurse, a pediatrician, and a quadruple board-certified physician, to get their insights on what to look for and their top picks.

There are several types of OTC cold medicines. Our testing included decongestants for nasal congestion, cough suppressants, and analgesics for sore throats, headaches, and general aches. We also tested combination, or multi-symptom, medications.

We considered the form of ingestion as well, making sure to test tablets, capsules, liquids, and sprays, since not everyone can (or wants) to swallow pills. 

This article was written as a collaboration between Lindsay Modglin, a former nurse and health writer who specializes in covering chronic illness, women’s health, oncology, and wellness products, and myself. I’m an herbologist who has worked with plant medicine and the body’s healing processes for over two decades.

What to Look for When Buying OTC Cold Medicine

Raj Dasgupta, MD, a quadruple board-certified physician and the chief medical adviser for Fortune Recommends, advises matching your symptoms with the active ingredients and avoiding unnecessary ones.

For example, “If you have a fever or body aches, look for something with acetaminophen or ibuprofen,” he says. “For a cough, try something with dextromethorphan.” Some other key considerations include:

  • Active Ingredients Reading the label is the only way to know exactly what you're taking. Look for active ingredients that only target your specific symptoms.
  • Form Consider your preferences and limitations when choosing the form of medication, whether it's tablets, capsules, liquid, or sprays. If swallowing pills is difficult, opt for a liquid or dissolvable option.
  • Potential Side Effects The most common side effects to watch out for with OTC cold medicine include drowsiness, upset stomach, and dry mouth. However, some medications may have more serious side effects, so talk to your doctor about the best option if you have any preexisting conditions or are taking other medications.
  • Potential Interactions Many OTC cold medicines warn about possible interactions with other medications. One example is avoiding medications that contain a decongestant if you are taking an MAOI, as taking them together can cause a dangerous spike in blood pressure.

  • Health Conditions “If you have conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or glaucoma, be careful with adding certain cold medications,” says Dr. Dasgupta. “Some decongestants can raise blood pressure, and some medications might not be appropriate for those with liver, kidney, and heart issues.”

When Should You Not Take Cold Medicine?

It's important to read the label and consult a healthcare professional before taking any OTC cold medicine. You should also avoid taking cold medication if you're pregnant or breastfeeding, as some of the active ingredients in these medications may not be safe for the baby.

People with heart, kidney, or liver problems should always consult with a doctor before taking any cold medicine, as some ingredients can increase the risk of serious complications or interfere with other treatments or medications you may be taking.

Those with breathing problems like asthma, severe allergies, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should also check with their doctor before taking any cold medicine, as some ingredients may worsen these conditions.

Most cold medicines aren't safe for people under age 6, and many aren't meant for children under 12. Always check with your child's pediatrician and a pharmacist before giving them any medication.

How Much Cold Medicine Can I Take in a Day?

Follow the recommended dosage guidelines on the packaging or as directed by your doctor. Every medication may have different recommended dosages based on age, weight, and other factors. Some can provide relief for up to 12 hours, while others require a repeat dose every four to six hours.

“You don't want to take too much or too often as there are risks with taking too much,” says Huber. Consult with a healthcare professional if you're unsure about the appropriate dosage. Additionally, be cautious when taking multiple medications that contain similar active ingredients, as this can also result in serious side effects.

Many combination cold products may contain ibuprofen and acetaminophen as an ingredient, so always look at the active ingredients before taking any kind of pain reliever, Huber adds. “Taking more than the recommended amount of acetaminophen has a risk of causing damage to your liver, and taking too much ibuprofen has a risk of causing damage to your kidneys and stomach,” he says.

Can I Give OTC Cold Medication to My Baby?

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn’t recommend OTC cold medications for children younger than 2 years because the active ingredients could cause serious side effects.

Instead, the FDA offers these tips to help relieve your baby’s symptoms:

  • Humidifier A cool-mist humidifier can help babies breathe easier by reducing congestion. Don’t use warm-mist humidifiers because they may cause your baby’s nasal passages to swell.
  • Saline Nose Drops or Sprays These can help keep nasal passages moist and avoid stuffiness.
  • Nasal Suctioning You can use a bulb syringe to help clear out stuffy nasal passages.
  • Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen Speak with your pediatrician about dosage and follow the product’s instructions.

FAQ

How can you get rid of a cold quickly?
The best way to get rid of a cold is to let your body fight it off naturally by getting plenty of rest and staying hydrated. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention state that most colds last less than seven days, and the symptoms will gradually improve on their own.
Topical nose sprays like Afrin and azelastine typically work within 10 minutes, while most oral cold medications begin working within 30 minutes to an hour, says Bourgeois. “However, timing can vary depending on the medication and dosage form.”
Be cautious when taking multiple cold medicines at a time, as they may contain similar active ingredients that can result in serious side effects. Experts recommend choosing an OTC cold medicine by comparing your symptoms with its active ingredients. If you only have one symptom, such as a cough, select a medication that only treats that symptom. If you have multiple symptoms, look for a combination product with active ingredients that match your symptoms.
Huber recommends echinacea and zinc to boost your immune system to fight a cold. “Taking vitamin C, especially when you first begin to feel symptoms, can sometimes help to shorten the length of the cold and reduce symptoms,” he says. Other home remedies include drinking plenty of fluids, using a humidifier, getting rest, and gargling salt water to help ease a sore throat.

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Lindsay Modglin

Author

Lindsay Modglin is a former nurse and health writer who specializes in covering chronic illness, women's health, oncology, and wellness products that help empower readers to take control of their health and well-being. Her byline has been featured in many digital publications, including Healthline, Verywell Health, Parents, Forbes, Yahoo, AOL, Insider, and more. Her print work has been published in oncology magazines like Cancer Today and Cure.

Prior to becoming a writer, Lindsay started working in healthcare in 2012 as an optician while she was pursuing her nursing license before working as a registered nurse in a clinical healthcare setting. This experience gave her firsthand knowledge of the challenges and complexities that patients face when managing chronic illnesses and navigating the healthcare system.

Today, when Lindsay is not writing, she enjoys camping and traveling across the United States with her husband and three children. She also volunteers as a creative writer for a non-profit organization that supports children with life-threatening illnesses and as a soccer coach for her children's teams.

Catherine Brown

Author

Catherine began a career based on health while working at an orthodontist's office, then became a certified yoga and meditation teacher, but soon recognized a call to follow a path in natural wellness through plants.

She is an herbologist who has worked with plant medicine for over two decades. She specializes in Andean and Amazonian medicine from South America. She has consulted for Colombia University and the New York Psychiatric Institution in their studies on plant medicine for mental health.

She is a Reiki master and has been recently exploring the world of sound healing.

Stephanie-Young-Moss-bio

Stephanie Young Moss, PharmD

Medical Reviewer

Stephanie Young Moss, PharmD, has worked in pharmacy, community outreach, regulatory compliance, managed care, and health economics and outcomes research. Dr. Young Moss is the owner of Integrative Pharmacy Outcomes and Consulting, which focuses on educating underserved communities on ways to reduce and prevent health disparities. She uses her platform to educate families on ways to decrease and eliminate health disparities by incorporating wellness and mental health techniques.

Young Moss is the creator of the websites DrStephanieYoMo.com and MenopauseInColor.com, providing practical health and wellness tips and resources for women experiencing perimenopause and menopause. She has over 100,000 people in her social media communities. She has also contributed to Pharmacy Times and shared her views on international and national podcasts and local television news.

She has served on various boards for organizations that focus on health equity, decreasing implicit bias, addressing social determinants of health, and empowering communities to advocate for their health. She has also been on the boards for the Minority Health Coalition of Marion County and Eskenazi Health Center, for which she was the clinical quality committee chair and board secretary and is currently the board treasurer. She is a board member for Community Action of Greater Indianapolis.

Lili Ladaga

Lili Ladaga

Editor
Lili Ladaga is a freelance editor on the Marketplace Team at Everyday Health.
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