We Tested 21 Mosquito Repellents to Protect You From Bites — Here Are the 13 That Actually Worked
When to Consult a Healthcare Provider
If a mosquito bites you and you suspect the bite has become infected, see a doctor right away. Hannah Kopelman, DO, chief medical officer at DermOnDemand, who practices in both New York City and Palm Beach County, Florida, says you can tell a bug bite is infected if “it becomes increasingly red, warm, tender, swollen, or starts draining pus.”
Additionally, if you experience swollen lymph nodes or a sudden fever, you should seek medical attention, according to Dr. Kopelman. “I always tell patients to watch for swelling that spreads beyond the bite site, difficulty breathing, hives, or dizziness — these could be signs of a systemic allergic reaction or even anaphylaxis, which is a medical emergency. Even localized allergic reactions that cause severe swelling (like lips or around the eyes) warrant medical attention.”
The Best Mosquito Repellents We Tested
- Best with DEET: Ben’s Tick and Insect Repellent
- Best plant-based: Off! Botanicals Plant-Based Repellent IV
- Best with picaridin: Avon Skin-So-Soft Bug Guard Plus
- Best for clothing: Sawyer Premium Insect Repellent Clothing, Gear and Tents Spray
- Best with oil of lemon eucalyptus: Cutter Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent
- Best for kids: NatPat Natural Mosquito Repellent Stickers
- Best for camping: Zevo On Body Mosquito+Tick Repellent Pump Spray
- Best spray: Off! Clean Feel Insect Repellent I Aerosol
- Best lotion: Sawyer Picaridin Insect Repellent Lotion
- Best long-lasting: Repel Sportsmen Max 40% Deet Insect Repellent
- Best for travel: NatPat BuzzSpray Insect Repellent
- Best wipes: Ben’s Insect Repellent Wipes
- Best device: Thermacell E-Series Rechargeable Mosquito Repeller

Best With DEET
Ben’s Tick and Insect Repellent
Pros
- More controlled spray field
- Can pack in carry-on luggage
- Remains effective for hours after application
- Repels ticks, flies, and other pests
Cons
- Noticeable unpleasant fragrance
- Feels oily
Key Specs
- Time effective: 7 hours
- Active ingredient: DEET
- Type: Pump spray
- Use: Skin
With 30 percent DEET, Ben’s Tick and Insect Repellent will help keep mosquitoes, ticks, flies, and other things that creep and fly away for up to 10 hours — making it a great choice for those planning a daylong hike or other extended outdoor activity. Unlike aerosol sprays, pump sprays like this one dispense more directly and are less likely to be inhaled, which our tester appreciated.
The spray pump functions easily and dispenses a good amount of product with each pump. While it initially seems thick and oily — kind of like suntan oil — it quickly absorbs into the skin with a little rubbing. It has a strong fragrance at first, but the scent diminishes pretty soon after being applied. Most important, it proved extremely effective. After almost 12 hours outdoors, including at an outdoor concert, we didn’t have any mosquito bites.
As a bonus, the compact 3.4-ounce bottle is TSA-approved and fits easily in carry-on luggage.

Best Plant-Based
Off! Botanicals Plant-Based Repellent
Pros
- No chemicals
- Absorbs quickly
- Compact size
- Citronella scent
Cons
- Can’t be used on kids under 3
- Needs to be reapplied frequently
Key Specs:
- Time effective: 2 hours
- Active ingredient: Oil of lemon eucalyptus
- Type: Pump spray
- Use: Skin
Application with the pump spray was fairly easy and evenly covered exposed skin. It then needs to be rubbed in and spread around, which does leave a greasy residue on your hands that quickly washes away with water. While the spray appeared oily on the skin at first, it quickly absorbed and was dry to the touch a minute later. At the conclusion of a 2-hour hike in a wooded area with streams and creeks, we didn’t have any bites. After prolonged use, when not reapplied diligently, a bite was detected, but that’s to be expected. The bottle’s instructions recommend reapplying every 2 hours or after swimming, sweating, vigorous activity, or drying off.
There was a noticeable citronella-esque scent upon application. Still, it was considerably fainter than the other natural repellents we tried, and hardly noticeable unless your nose was right up against the skin. Adults should note that this product should not be used on kids under 3 due to potential allergic reactions to certain essential oils.

Best With Picaridin
Avon Skin-So-Soft Bug Guard Plus
Pros
- DEET-free
- Gentle on sensitive skin
- Moisturizing
Cons
- Greasy feeling
- Fragrance might be too much for some
Key Specs
- Time effective: 6 hours
- Active ingredient: Picardin
- Type: Aerosol spray
- Use: Skin
For those looking for another DEET-free alternative, mosquito repellents containing picaridin may be your best bet. According to Daniel Markowski, PhD, technical advisor for the American Mosquito Control Association, picaridin “is a synthetic repellent and has proven to be very effective against a number of mosquito species.” Avon’s oil-free picaridin-based insect repellent not only contains 10 percent picaridin but also boasts the addition of vitamin E to keep skin moisturized.
Other benefits to picaridin-based products are that they’re often odorless and less likely to irritate sensitive skin, says Dr. Markowski, and many are as long-lasting as their DEET counterparts — three qualities we found to be true of Avon Skin-So-Soft Bug Guard Plus.
When sprayed on the skin, it feels greasy, but that quickly disappears. There’s also a slight fragrance upon initial application, but it wafts away fairly quickly, leaving a light-feeling coverage overall and no concern about staining clothing.
When worn for hours in the evening, sitting on the grass at soccer practice, and by a pool on a different day, we didn’t receive any bug bites, including from mosquitoes. Reapply every 6 hours for mosquitoes, and more frequently for protection against blackflies.

Best for Clothing
Sawyer Premium Insect Repellent Clothing, Gear & Tents
Pros
- Highly effective against mosquitoes when applied to clothing
- Lasts for up to 6 weeks or 6 washes
- Does not damage synthetic fabrics or other gear
- Allows for skin to remain free of topical repellents
Cons
- Must be applied to clothing and allowed to dry completely before wearing
- Repeated washes or prolonged sun exposure may reduce effectiveness
Key Specs
- Time effective: 6 weeks or 6 washes
- Active ingredient: Permethrin
- Type: Spray
- Use: Clothing, camping gear, outdoor furniture
I had the opportunity to test this product and it definitely keeps the bugs away. I tried it on my patio furniture, which tends to get overcome by bugs on a nightly basis. After a single application, I was thrilled that there wasn’t a single trace of any bug. I never had to reapply it, and weeks later, it’s still working.

Best With Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus
Cutter Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent
Pros
- Effective protection against mosquitoes for up to 6 hours
- Refreshing lemon eucalyptus scent
- Chemical-free formulation
Cons
- Some note a slightly oily or sticky residue on the skin
- Reapplication may be needed more frequently
Key Specs
- Time effective: 6 hours
- Active ingredient: Oil of lemon eucalyptus
- Type: Pump spray
- Use: Skin

Best for Kids
NatPat Natural Mosquito Repellent Stickers
Pros
- Sticks to clothes, not skin
- Colorful and appealing to kids
- Made with essential oils
- Mess-free
Cons
- Unpleasant smell
- Easy to remove by curious hands
Key Specs
- Time effective: 8 hours
- Active ingredient: Citronella essential oil
- Type: Sticker
- Use: Clothing
Kids love playing outdoors in the warm months, and with all that time outside, they can become targets for mosquitoes. Bug bites are unpleasant for adults, and doubly so for our kids. NatPat Natural Mosquito Repellent Patches are a safe, nontoxic, and hassle-free alternative for keeping pests away. These bright stickers use natural essential oils and adhere to clothing, avoiding any chemical contact with the skin.
Editor Ashley Ziegler tested the product with her kids and says, “I like how easy it is — just stick the sticker to my kids’ clothes and the application is done. Having to spray them down with bug spray can be unpleasant.” However, they do emit a strong smell, so if your kiddos are sensitive to strong scents, this might not be the product for them.

Best for Camping
Zevo On Body Mosquito+Tick Repellent Pump Spray
Pros
- Ultra-light on the skin
- Travels well without leaking
- Zero odor
- Concentrated spray
Cons
- Initial fragrance
- Pump may sometimes clog
Key Specs
- Time effective: 8 hours
- Active ingredient: IR3535
- Type: Pump spray
- Use: Skin
Being an outdoor enthusiast in Florida, I’ve tried many bug repellents over the years for outdoor adventures, like camping. Plus, I live on the edge of a wooded area, so my backyard has hosted entire conventions of mosquitoes. The bug sprays I’ve tried usually have a strong, unpleasant odor, and the minute I come back inside, I want to shower.
The exception has been Zevo On Body Mosquito+Tick Repellent Pump Spray. I love everything about it. There is no nasty, lingering odor, just a slight chemical scent when first applied. It goes away very quickly, and the spray seems to evaporate off the skin, leaving no trace it’s there. But the lack of bug bites or even bug activity around me, whether I was in the backyard or at a track meet, told me all I needed to know: this stuff is the real deal.

Best Spray
Off! Clean Feel Insect Repellent I Aerosol
Pros
- No fragrance
- Feels like you’re not wearing anything
- Good for sensitive skin
Cons
- May leave skin shiny
- Aerosol spray mechanism may not apply evenly every time
Key Specs
- Time effective: 8 hours
- Active ingredient: Picaridin
- Type: Aerosol spray
- Use: Skin
The aerosol sprays on as easily as sunscreen. It’s so lightweight that we hardly noticed it was on our skin, and we barely had to rub it in for even application. While many similar products claim to be fragrance-free, this one actually proved that claim from the start. There was no oily or sticky residue left behind, and even the kids didn’t mind having it applied. It also held up well against sweat. After wearing it at a park known for attracting ticks and mosquitoes, and after hiking in a heavily forested area surrounded by several small bodies of water, no bites were detected.
This spray is also one of Cossey’s favorites. Though she notes, “It does leave you shiny (not greasy),” she also says, “I definitely see my family incorporating this repellent into our regular routine because it’s lightweight and nongreasy. I like how it left my skin shiny, but not sticky.”

Best Lotion
Sawyer Picaridin Insect Repellent Lotion
Pros
- Absorbs quickly
- No tacky feeling
- Easy to catch missed skin
- Feels like regular body lotion
Cons
- Takes longer to apply
- Must be applied under clothes
Key Specs
- Time effective: 14 hours
- Active ingredient: Picaridin
- Type: Lotion
- Use: Skin
This superlong-lasting lotion bug repellent offers up to 14 hours of protection, making it ideal for long camping days (and nights). It’s also a fantastic option for those looking for a DEET-free mosquito repellent as it contains 20 percent picaridin.
The application was super easy, and, surprisingly, felt like regular body lotion — not too thick and creamy and not too light and watery. The white color made it easy to know if we missed any spots on the skin. There was no tacky or greasy feeling left after rubbing it in, and it absorbed quickly. However, Cossey points out, “This isn’t against the product specifically, but lotion can take longer to apply versus a spray. It just depends on the time you have.”
Despite an initial faint odor, the lotion was pretty much fragrance-free the whole day, which is ideal for sensitive noses. The lotion also felt easier to reapply than the spray versions since there was no concern of inhaling chemicals in this form.
When asked if she would incorporate this in her regular routine, Cossey reports, “Yes! We'll use this until it’s empty. The formula isn’t heavy, and no one in my family had any type of bug bites after wearing it for hours while fishing.”

Best Long-Lasting
Repel Sportsmen Max 40% Deet Insect Repellent
Pros
- Lasts for up to 8 hours
- Minimal scent
- Not as greasy as other long-lasting brands
- Sweatproof
Cons
- A little sticky
- Not for sensitive skin
Key Specs
- Time effective: 8 hours
- Active ingredient: DEET
- Type: Aerosol spray
- Use: Skin
If you’re planning to be outdoors for a long time or doing activities like hiking and camping, you’ll probably want to look for a long-lasting repellent that won’t need to be reapplied as often. The Repel Sportsmen Max contains 40 percent DEET, meaning it should be effective for up to 8 hours. “Protection time provided by repellents is determined by the amount of active ingredient in the formulation,” says Markowski. “Ten percent DEET-based repellent will typically last 90 minutes or so, while a 30 percent product will last 5 to 6 hours.”
While there are products on the market with even higher DEET concentrations than the 40 percent in the Repel Sportsmen Max, we found they didn’t show a marked difference in effectiveness and erred toward the one with less DEET rather than more. This particular formula was developed specifically for outdoor activities like fishing, golfing, camping, and hiking, and is advertised as sweat-resistant, which we found to be true.
The spray nozzle made it fairly easy to get a fine, even spray, and, considering how much DEET it contains, the odor is minimal. While the product initially comes out noticeably stickier than other products that are either DEET-free or contain less DEET, it doesn’t stay that way. The thickness of the spray makes it feel like a literal physical barrier is forming between your skin and the bugs that want to bite it. The bottle is pretty large, so it wouldn’t be the one you toss in your backpack for a long hike, but it might be one to leave at the campsite instead.

Best for Travel
NatPat BuzzSpray Insect Repellent
Pros
- Safe for kids 2 and up
- All-natural ingredients
- Protects sensitive skin
- Pleasant smell
Cons
- Small size means it runs out quickly
- Essential oils may cause skin irritation for some
Key Specs
- Time effective: 6 hours
- Active ingredient: Eucalyptus citriodora oil
- Type: Spray
- Use: Skin
The NatPat Baby Buzz Spray Mosquito Repellent is travel-friendly and easy to tuck into any bag. The bottle reminds us of some hand sanitizers, making it convenient to apply and reapply often throughout the day. The brand, known for only using all-natural ingredients, takes the mess out of carrying repellent.
Cossey also tested Baby Buzz and says, “I love this product and everything about it! Its bottle resembles the shape of a trendy hand sanitizer. Plus, it’s convenient and small enough to stuff in a bag.” She also appreciated the smell, adding, “You can tell it includes natural ingredients like lemon and eucalyptus.”

Best Wipes
Ben’s Insect Repellent Wipes
Pros
- Convenient and portable, ideal for travel or on the go
- Allows for precise application, especially for the face and neck
- Water-based formula evaporates more slowly
Cons
- Direct hand contact with DEET is unavoidable during application
- May not be ideal for full-body coverage
Key Specs
- Time effective: 7 hours
- Active ingredient: DEET
- Type: Wipes
- Use: Skin

Best Device
Thermacell E-Series Rechargeable Mosquito Repeller
Pros
- Creates a scent-free and spray-free zone of protection, reducing the need for skin application
- Rechargeable battery offers convenient portability and reuse
- Quiet operation with no open flame or direct skin contact
Cons
- Effectiveness can be reduced in windy conditions
- Only intended for stationary use in an area
Key Specs
- Time effective: 6.5 hours
- Active ingredient: Metofluthrin
- Type: Device
- Use: Outdoors
This innovative device creates a protective zone against mosquitoes, offering an alternative to traditional topical repellents. The device is a spatial repellent, meaning it protects an area rather than an individual.
We love that this device is user-friendly and that it features a rechargeable battery. Plus, each 12-hour metofluthrin liquid refill cartridge is easy to order and stock up on, ensuring your device is always ready to use throughout the summer on patios, backyards, and porches.
Comparison Chart
We Also Tested
We tested more than 20 mosquito repellents, and there were a couple that didn’t make our official list but are worth mentioning:
- For those who prefer a natural bug spray, Natrapel Lemon Eucalyptus Tick & Insect Repellent is a wonderful alternative. It smells great, is easy to apply, and leaves a little trace on the skin. It can also work well for families with children since it doesn’t contain any added chemicals. Unfortunately, it doesn’t dry quickly and leaves skin feeling slightly sticky.
- The Royal Robbins Women's Expedition III L/S shirt provides mosquito protection thanks to its tightly woven fabric. However, it’s still best to use extra protection via sprays, lotions, or other mosquito repellents as a precaution.
- I also tested a WeatherPod Bug Screen Pop-Up Pod (the 2-person MegaMesh, to be exact, but the 4-person pod fits more people). It made a huge difference on my back porch, which faces a wooded area. The netting lets air through but is close-knit enough to keep bugs of any size out. Setup is incredibly easy, but taking it down is the opposite. I haven’t figured out how to fold it yet (despite watching the brand’s how-to video), and I’m afraid of breaking the rods in the process.
How We Tested the Mosquito Repellents
As the weather continues to warm and with summer break fast approaching, we know that more people will be venturing outdoors. Hiking, biking, and camping are among the most popular activities people enjoy during the summer. We wanted to make sure you’re prepared so you don’t have to come back from an adventure with bug bites. Since there is always a risk of disease or virus transmission between mosquitoes and ticks, it’s better to be safe than sorry.
We tested a total of 21 mosquito repellents for over a month, analyzing them on their effectiveness, smell, ingredients, and overall application. I also drew on my own experience over the years as an outdoor lover living in mosquito-ridden Florida.
We also consulted with the following experts to learn more about what to look for in mosquito repellents, mosquito-borne illnesses, and more:
- Hannah Kopelman, DO, chief medical officer at DermOnDemand, who practices in both New York City and Palm Beach County, Florida
- Kseniya Kobets, MD, director of cosmetic dermatology at Montefiore Einstein Advanced Care in New York
- Daniel Markowski, PhD, technical advisor for the American Mosquito Control Association
- Louisa Messenger, PhD, entomologist, malaria expert, and professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health
- David Li, MD, a board-certified dermatologist with APDerm in Boston
What to Look for When Buying a Mosquito Repellent
As with all things, only you can decide what’s best for you and your family. However, there are certain factors to consider before setting out in search of mosquito repellent.
- Ingredients: When shopping for a mosquito repellent, focus on the formula’s active ingredients and ensure you consider only those approved by the CDC and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). “The CDC only recommends ingredients shown to decrease disease transmission without skin irritation,” says Kobets. She notes that EPA-approved ingredients have been deemed safe for the environment, which is another factor to prioritize.
- Duration of protection: Products that last for at least 6 to 8 hours are the gold standard to prevent overapplication, according to Kobets.
- Use: Direct skin application is typically the norm for repellents. Depending on the activity and the time you’re spending outdoors, you may want to consider adding products that go over skin and gear.
- Application type: The most popular application types for mosquito repellents come in sprays, lotions, and wipes. For sprays, apply in a slow sweeping motion from 6 to 8 inches away to ensure even coverage, or apply to your hands first, then rub on like lotion. Most products have application instructions on their packaging, so make sure to read and follow those for the greatest effectiveness. Always make sure you’re in a well-ventilated space when applying. If you’re using a lotion, dispense it onto your hands, then spread it evenly on your skin. For wipes, wipe gently and evenly on exposed skin.
What Active Ingredients in Mosquito Repellents Are EPA-Approved?
According to Louisa Messenger, PhD, entomologist, malaria expert, and professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, “People should look for a recognized active ingredient or insecticide that is approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,” with the most popular options being:
- DEET
- Picaridin
- IR3535
- Oil of citronella
- p-Menthane-3,8-diol
- Oil of lemon eucalyptus
Repellents containing essential oils should not be used on children under 3 years old, as they may have an allergic reaction to the concentrates of the oils on their skin.
Dr. Messenger also says to consider what situation or activities you’ll be doing when using the repellent. “For example, will you be swimming or sweating? Do you want the repellent to last the entire day, or will you be able to easily reapply it often?” Those who want a longer-lasting mosquito repellent that won’t need to be reapplied as often should choose products with higher concentrations of active ingredients such as DEET or picaridin.
Are Sprays or Lotions Better?
Most of the experts we spoke to agreed that sprays are the best choice for covering large swaths of skin, but also cautioned people to be careful about inhalation during application. “Sprays are great for full-body and clothing use,” says Kobets. David Li, MD, a board-certified dermatologist with APDerm in Boston, prefers sprays because they can be applied directly to clothing rather than to the skin, which may get irritated. “They’re easy to apply evenly and reapply throughout the day,” adds Kopelman.
Lotions are easy to apply to large areas, especially bare legs and arms, and may provide more even coverage. Messenger says they’re also less likely to be inhaled. However, “lotions can be messier to apply.”
Overall, it comes down to personal preference and how likely you are to use the product as intended.
What Is the Best Way to Apply Mosquito Repellent?
When applying mosquito repellent to bare skin, always avoid any wounds or cuts and consider skin sensitivity to active ingredients. “Some patients get irritant dermatitis to both compounds [picaridin and DEET], so consider applying onto clothing rather than direct skin, unless you’ve used it on skin before and didn’t have any issues,” says Dr. Li. “Both picaridin and DEET are designed to work on skin or clothing.”
When applying mosquito repellent on children, never spray it directly on their skin. Instead, spray it onto your hands first, then spread it on the child to minimize any risk of inhalation.
FAQs
Female mosquitoes seek out human odors (like sweat and perfume) to find their next meal, so anything that helps mask our scents will help keep the pesky bugs away. All of our experts recommend using products that contain DEET or picaridin, ideally, or oil of lemon eucalyptus, to help with this.
It isn’t recommended. Swimming will wash away the product, and you may not realize you are no longer protected until it’s too late. Plus, DEET isn’t the greatest for fish or other aquatic wildlife if you’re swimming in a natural body of water.
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Ross Radusky, MD
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Ross Radusky, MD, is a practicing board-certified dermatologist at the Dermatology Treatment and Research Center in Dallas. Originally from New York City, he graduated summa cum la...

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Orlando de Guzman is a writer and editor with expertise in health and environmental news. He has a background in investigative and science journalism and has worked on documentary ...

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Katrina Cossey is a writer and editor with over 10 years of experience in broadcast and service journalism. Over her career, she’s covered topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, new...

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