11 Best Mineral Sunscreens for Kids We Tried in 2026

These 11 Mineral Sunscreens Will Keep Your Kids Burn-Free All Summer Long

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With our secretary of health recently shooting down a proposed ban by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on minors using tanning beds, it’s a confusing time to know how to protect your child from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Some viral trends on the internet even discourage sunscreen use, claiming it’s more dangerous than the sun’s rays. Fortunately, dermatologists disagree with these false viral claims. And they emphatically agree that using sunscreen is a very good idea, especially for kids.

Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. Research shows that limiting the amount of sun you get is the easiest way to reduce your risk of melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. Kids tend to get three times as much sun as adults do each year, making childhood a critical window in which to protect against skin cancer.

Even if you’re not worried about skin cancer, childhood sun exposure also can lead to premature aging of skin. “Ninety percent of aging is from photo damage,” says Angela J. Lamb, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and an associate professor of dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. Freckles may look cute on a kid, but watch out: Children are especially sensitive to the sun, since their skin barrier isn’t fully developed yet. That makes them even more vulnerable to the negative effects of sun exposure.

Your child’s skin tone also plays a role in how sensitive they are to the effects of the sun. “That's why people of color age slower; they just have more intrinsic melanin in their skin,” says Dr. Lamb. It’s estimated that fair-skinned people have a natural sun protection factor (SPF) of 3.3, while those with darker skin tones have about 13.4. But no matter what your skin tone is, it’s best to beef up that protection with sunscreen use. According to research, fair-skinned people should use SPF 50 or higher, while people with darker skin tones can skate by with SPF 30–50.

As we head into summer, we’ve prepared an MVP roster for Team Sunscreen (which is favored to beat The Tanning Beds by a landslide) with a list of our favorite mineral sunscreens for kids. Dermatologists typically recommend using mineral-based formulas, particularly for kids. Their lack of chemical ingredients is easier on delicate skin and doesn’t absorb as deeply, minimizing the risk of skin irritation.

 Also, unlike many of the ingredients in chemical sunscreen, the active ingredients in mineral sunscreen (zinc oxide and titanium dioxide) don’t sting if they get in your eyes; so your little ones are safe to break a sweat or cannonball into a pool without getting painfully, temporarily blinded.

We’ve personally tested 20 sunscreens. Here, we’ve categorized our favorites based on their staying power, ingredients, price, how they feel, and how easy they are to apply.

Our Top Picks for Best Mineral Sunscreens for Kids of 2026

Clean Simple Eats protein powder

Whey Protein Powder in Tons of Flavors

Clean Simple Eats Protein Powder

Investing in a high-quality protein powder for your smoothies is a no-brainer. I love Clean Simple Eats Protein Powder because it contains 20 grams of protein per serving from whey protein isolate (which is gentler on digestion because it’s lower in lactose, which many people struggle to digest, due to not producing enough lactase). It also has just 90 calories and no added sugar, and it comes in a huge range of flavors.

It’s third-party tested, so you can be sure that it’s free of contaminants and contains only what’s listed on the label. If you don’t know which flavor to choose, they also have variety options with single-serve packages, so you can try them out before committing to a large bag.
Thinksun Thinksport kids sunscreen stick

Best for Swimming and Splashing

Thinksport Kids Sunscreen Stick SPF 30+

Pros

  • Nongreasy feel
  • Excellent staying power
  • Easy application

Cons

  • Thick texture

Key Specs

  • SPF: 30+
  • Type: Stick
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 0.64 ounces (oz)
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 20%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

Holding up against ocean waves or waterslides is the ultimate test for a kid’s sunscreen. And with a mineral sunscreen, a thicker-feeling formula is often going to have better staying power. A “sport” formulated sunscreen is typically designed to withstand water, sand, and sweat, and we loved the Thinksport Kids Sunscreen Stick.

Writer Katrina Cossey says “it only takes a few swipes on the arm to rub it in nicely, which is surprising because it's a thicker texture. On the plus side, I actually feel like the thick texture helps it stay in place until it's time to reapply.” The screen did leave small chunks of sunscreen when rolled on, but it was still “a breeze to use,” she says. Cossey used it on her son, “and his arms didn't burn at all. He also burns easily on his face (cheeks, specifically), and he wasn't as red as usual.”

We liked the oval-shaped stick, which has a slightly larger coverage area. That makes it easier to use for whole-body coverage as well as for the face. The ingredients list is short and completely naturally derived. Aloe, shea butter, and cocoa butter help keep skin hydrated, while beeswax is used to firm up the formula into stick form. 

Tubby Todd mineral sunscreen lotion

Best for Daily Protection

Tubby Todd Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50

Pros

  • Rubs in easily
  • Invisible wear
  • Long-lasting coverage
  • No greasy residue

Cons

  • Only available online
  • Only for sale bundled on Amazon

Key Specs

  • SPF: 50
  • Type: Lotion
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 4 fl oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 19.6%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

If you’re looking for a go-to kids’ sunscreen, this might be it. Writer Julia Childs Heyl says it’s “absolutely perfect” and “the best kids’ sunscreen I have ever used.”

She loved thatit wasn’t as thick as many mineral sunscreens, and “had the texture of a normal lotion,” which made it very easy to apply and rub in. It didn’t leave her child sticky and in need of a bath afterward, yet it still kept him well-protected and burn-free after spending hours at the park, despite his fair skin and minimal reapplication.

The formula has a powerful 19.6 percent concentration of zinc oxide. This is combined with shea and cacao butter to help hydrate skin and give the sunscreen a smooth, lotion-like feel. Tubby Todd Sunscreen also comes in stick and spray versions, which Heyl also liked. But the lotion version was her stand-out favorite. 

CoTZ kids mineral sunscreen stick

Best for Lightweight Feel

CoTZ Kids Mineral Sun Stick

Pros

  • Rubs in easily
  • No white cast
  • Feels exceptionally light
  • High SPF for a mineral sunscreen
  • Larger than most sun sticks

Cons

  • Not highly water-resistant
  • Contains microplastics (dimethicone)

Key Specs

  • SPF: 45
  • Type: Stick
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 1 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Activeingredients: Titanium dioxide 4.0%, zinc oxide 5.5%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

This is hands down the lightest-feeling mineral sunstick I’ve ever used. After application, it feels like I have almost nothing on my face. It doesn’t surprise me to see that it only contains 5.5 percent zinc oxide (although it’s still SPF 45).

CoTZ also has a special formula for its non-nano zinc oxide. The zinc oxide is ground to nano-size, which prevents it from leaving a white cast. But it’s then coated in inert ingredients that increase the size of the molecule to non-nano.

This sunscreen goes on completely clear even before rubbing itin. My daughter actually tolerated it well enough to cover her entire face by herself, which is really saying something. That said, by the time I got out of the water after a two-hour surf, I felt as though it had rubbed off and I had taken in some sun. So while I wouldn’t recommend using this for water sports, it’s a fantastic choice for calmer activities in the sun.

A lot of sunsticks can feel like cake foundation. If your child hates that typical sticky feel, this product is going to make applying and wearing sunscreen a whole lot less irritating for both of you. I also appreciate that this stick is a full 1 oz, since many kids' sunsticks are only 0.5 oz. 

Tubby Todd mineral sunstick

Best for face

Tubby Todd Mineral Sunstick SPF 30

Pros

  • Easy to apply
  • Rubs on quickly and smoothly
  • Added botanicals help moisturize skin
  • No white cast

Cons

  • Only available online
  • Only available in SPF 30

Key Specs

  • SPF: 30
  • Type: Stick
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 0.5 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 20%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

Heyl found that Tubby Todd’s sunscreens are gentle, moisturizing, and they last a long time. She liked this sunscreen stick in particular for covering her toddler’s face. “Getting him to sit still to apply sunscreen on his face and not get it in his eye feelslike an Olympic sport at this point,” she says, echoing toddler parents everywhere.

She found this stick was simple to apply. “It’s designed to be easily applied on a kid's face, and is easy to smooth onto his little cheeks and rubs in quickly,” she says. The one issue she had with this stick is that it’s only available in SPF 30. “I would love to see SPF 50.”

This stick contains the same botanicals as Tubby Todd’s lotion formula, with aloe, coconut, cacao, and shea butter to help moisturize skin. Beeswax has been added here to firm it into a stick. 

Blue Lizard kids mineral spf sunscreen stick

Best Stick

Blue Lizard Kids Mineral SPF 50 Sunscreen Stick

Pros

  • Applies smoothly
  • No greasy residue
  • Lightweight
  • Affordably priced

Cons

  • Lingering white cast 

Key Specs

  • SPF: 50
  • Type: Stick
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 0.5 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 20%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

This mineral sunscreen stick from Blue Lizard combines a lot of greatfactors: It goes on easily, feels light on skin, and offers powerful sun protection.

“I was really shocked by how well it rubbed in and didn't sit on the skin or leave a residue. This helped me feel confident that it wasn't rubbing off,” says writer and editor Olivia Campbell. She noticed that “it definitely has a white cast that needs to be rubbed in,” but overall, she preferred it to other mineral sunscreen sticks she tried.

The formula contains aloe vera extract and several other botanicals that protect and soothe skin. One online user even said that this stick had a positive effect on her rosacea. The ingredients also include squalene, an ultra-hydrating, plant-derived oil that mimics your skin’s natural oil to keep you from drying out in the sun.

Plus, the pocket-size packaging makes this stick easy to keep on-hand for reapplication throughout the day, without adding much extra weight to your bag.


Sonrei Kids zinc mineral sunscreen

Best Gel

Sonrei Kids Zinq Mineral Gel Sunscreen

Pros

  • Goes on clear
  • Rubs in easily
  • Fun light, iridescent formula
  • Good for sensitive skin

Cons

  • Relatively expensive
  • Contains microplastics (dimethicone, polymethylsilsesquioxane)

Key Specs

  • SPF: 60
  • Type: Gel
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 3.4 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 24%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

I was first introduced to gel sunscreen by a friend who said it was the only kind of sunscreen that didn’t make her break out. After one use, I was sold. Gel sunscreen is typically clear, with low-shine and zero white cast.

This kids’ version is “iridescent and has maybe the faintest shade of purple tint when you first pour it into your hand, which my boys found super-fun,” says Bonaccorso. “I also like that this goes on absolutely clear, which isn't typical for a mineral sunscreen. It goes on just like lotion.” Despite how easily it absorbed, she found that this sunscreen “stays in place for hours.”

If cost and chemicals weren't an issue, I would use gel sunscreen every day. It’s so much easier to apply and feels much lighter on the skin. But it does tend to be much more expensive than regular sunscreen, and Sonrei’s formula is no exception.

Also, I’m not sure what kind of chemical sorcery is needed to overpower the natural state of zinc oxide sunscreen, which is notoriously thick and white, but this formula does contain two microplastics. One of them is the third non-active ingredient, polymethylsilsesquioxane. It also contains shea butter and aloe vera, which help protect skin from drying out in the sun.

The price is several times that of a basic sunscreen. But if getting sunscreen on your child is a major battle that you want to stop fighting, choosing a gel formula like this one may be a worthy investment. 

Boogie Mineral sunscreen stick

Best for Babies

Boogie Mineral Sunscreen Stick

Pros

  • 100% naturally derived ingredients
  • Rubs in easily
  • Hypoallergenic

Cons

  • Very small amount of product
  • Not easy to find at retailers

Key Specs

  • SPF: 50
  • Type: Stick
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 0.49 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 20%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

With a completely naturally derived ingredient list, Boogie’s formula is both safe for a baby’s delicate skin and packed with botanicals to help nourish and protect it. The 20-percent zinc-oxide sun protection is combined with aloe, shea butter, squalene, and jojoba and coconut oilsto keep your child’s skin burn-free and healthy.

It’s also a great-feeling product: “It literally disappears into skin, no scent, no residue or feel. Even after rubbing it in, my hands feel completely clean,” says writer Grace Gallagher. “It dries completely matte and leaves no white cast. This is my favorite kids' sunscreen and sunscreen stick.”

The only complaint Gallagher had was the size of the stick, which contains a meager 0.49 oz of sunscreen. “I wish it was a little bigger. It takes a long time to cover my 3-year-old in this, and he gets antsy. It's a little easier with the baby, because she's smaller, but she is wiggly, too,” she says.

This sunscreen fits nicely in a small bag, but if you’re going on a major outing, you’re probably going to need a larger tube of sunscreen to complement this one. 

Badger kids mineral sunscreen

Best for Organic Ingredients

Badger Kids Mineral Sunscreen Cream — SPF 40

Pros

  • 98% organic ingredients
  • Only 9 ingredients listed
  • Hypoallergenic
  • Naturally scented

Cons

  • Slightly greasy feeling
  • Small bottle

Key Specs

  • SPF: 40
  • Type: Lotion
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 2.9 fl oz
  • Scented: Tangerine andvanilla
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 22.5%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

Most kids’ sunscreen is unscented, since fragrances can be irritating. Badger takes a different approach. The company uses actual vanilla extract combined with orange and tangerine oil extracts to create a kid-friendly “orange creamsicle” scent.

The ingredients list on this sunscreen is incredibly sparse. Aside from the zinc oxide and the scented extracts, there’s beeswax, sunflower oil, jojoba oil, and vitamin E. It also contains seabuckthorn extract, which is chock-full of vitamins beneficial to your skin. That’s literally it. As a bonus, 98percent of the ingredients are organically sourced, and the product is certified non-GMO.

“I love that it's made with more-natural ingredients,” says writer SaVanna Shoemaker, RDN. “One of my children can't have artificial fragrances on her skin, but she still loves things that smell nice. This sunscreen has a nice scent — a little on the strong side for me, but the kids love it — that comes from oils and fruit extracts.”

Shoemaker did find this sunscreen “has a bit of a greasy, tacky feel after application when compared to some other sunscreens we've tried. But I think that's a fair trade-off and to be expected, since the major ingredients include beeswax and oils.”

Earth Mama uber sensitive mineral sunscreen lotion

Best for Sensitive Skin

Earth Mama Uber-Sensitive Mineral Sunscreen Lotion SPF 40

Pros

  • Safe for eczema and sensitive skin
  • Contains colloidal oatmeal
  • Accepted by the National EczemaAssociation

Cons

  • Water-resistant for only 40 minutes
  • Thick formula

Key Specs

  • SPF: 40
  • Type: Lotion
  • Water-resistant: Up to 40 minutes
  • Size: 3 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 25%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

For kids with eczema or extremely sensitive skin, this sunscreen is perfect. Its completely natural formula is loaded with medicinal plants to help soothe skin. In addition to aloe, shea, and coconut, it has colloidal oatmeal, a godsend for eczema-prone skin. It also has calendula, red raspberry, jojoba, and olive, which all help to soothe and protect delicate skin.

Heyl found that it left a white cast. But for a natural mineral sunscreen, that is a sign it’s still doing its job. “It protected my son's skin after a long day of playing in the sun,” she says.

It’s also a great choice for both your body and the environment. Environmental Working Group (EWG) chose this sunscreen lotion as one of its “Top-RatedRecreational Sunscreens.” This screen also has the National Eczema Association’s Seal of Acceptance. It’s also certified cruelty-free and plastic neutral. Plus, it’s NSF-certified to contain at least 70-percent organic ingredients. 

Squeen sunscreen

Best for Fun Application

Sqween Paint-On Sun Protection SunSponge

Pros

  • Fun color during application
  • Rubs in clear with a slight shimmer
  • Applicator sponge makes it easy for kids to self-apply

Cons

  • Relatively expensive
  • Not widely available

Key Specs

  • SPF: 30
  • Type: Lotion
  • Water-resistant: Up to 80 minutes
  • Size: 4 oz
  • Scented: No
  • Active ingredients: Zinc oxide 15%
  • Reef-safe: Yes

My 10-year-old, who will usually spend about 0 to 30 seconds applying sunscreen if left to her own devices, happily spent 10 minutes painting her entire body with this stuff. I had imagined a colored sunscreen would come in bright, garish colors like finger paint. But Sqween’s tints were subtle and shimmery, more like a fancy bronzer.

I loved the built-in applicators on Sqween’s tubes. This larger one comes with a sponge, and the smaller bottle comes with a paintbrush tip. Both of accessories help you spread the lotion with a silky smooth feel against your skin. The sunscreen comes in blue, light green, gold, rose-gold, and dark-pink options, and it rubs in sheer with a slight sparkly shimmer. We found it felt great on, and it wasn’t too thick or greasy.

The formula contains botanicals like aloe, jojoba, and coconut, as well as hyaluronic acid, to keep skin moisturized and healthy in the sun. 

Comparison Table

Superlative
SPF
Type
Water-Resistant
Size
Scented
Active Ingredients
Reef-Safe
Best Spray
50
Spray
Up to 80 minutes
6 fl oz
No
Titanium dioxide 3.4%, zinc oxide 15.7%
Yes
Best for Swimming and Splashing
30+
Stick
Up to 80 minutes
0.64 oz

No
Zinc oxide 20%
Yes
Best for Daily Protection
50
Lotion
Up to 80 minutes
4 fl oz
No
Zinc oxide 19.6%
Yes
Best for Lightweight Feel
45
Stick
Up to 80 minutes
1 oz
No
Titanium dioxide 4.0%, zinc oxide 5.5%
Yes
Best for Face
30
Stick
Up to 80 minutes

0.5 oz
No
Zinc oxide 20%
Yes
Best Stick
50
Stick
Up to 80 minutes
0.5 oz
No
Zinc oxide 20%
Yes
Best Gel
60
Gel
Up to 80 minutes
3.4 oz
No
Zinc oxide 24%
Yes
Best for Babies
50
Stick
Up to 80 minutes
0.49 oz
No
Zinc oxide 20%
Yes

Best for Organic Ingredients
40
Lotion
Up to 80 minutes
2.9 fl oz
Tangerine and vanilla
Zinc oxide 22.5%

Yes
Best for Sensitive Skin
40
Lotion
Up to 40 minutes
3 oz
No
Zinc oxide 25%
Yes
Best for Fun Application
30
Lotion
Up to 80 minutes
4 fl oz
No
Zinc oxide 15%
Yes

We Also Tested

We tested 20 kids' mineral sunscreens to help us make our selections for this list. We liked many of them, but with such a wide array to choose from, we did make a few cuts. The following sunscreens are still strong options, but they didn’t quite make the list of our favorites.

Badger Baby Mineral Sunscreen Cream - SPF 40

We’re fans of Badger’s sunscreen line. It has natural ingredients, many of which are organic. Plus, the brand’s sunscreens tend to stay put and offer great protection against the sun. The packaging always features an animal and bright colors, making it appealing to kids. Gallagher liked that this sunscreen actually went on clear and rubbed into a matte finish. She was impressed by the ingredient list, which is chock-full of healthy botanicals. However, she found that it's also “really thick, so it dispenses only a little at a time, which can be hard when you're trying to apply sunscreen quickly to a squirmy baby or toddler. It's so thick that my tube was kind of mangled and dented after one or two uses,” she says.

Hello Bello Kids Mineral Sunscreen Lotion

Cossey loved that this sunscreen rubs in completely without leaving a white cast, and she found that it offered great all-day protection for her and her family. The drawback was that “if it settles for too long — as in, if you don't use it for a bit — the formula separates and becomes really watery. I opened the tube to squeeze it out and got liquid instead,” she says. Sometimes, I will buy a sunscreen like this, and having to remember to shake it before each use gets annoying.

How We Tested the Best Mineral Sunscreens for Kids

We gave about a dozen Everyday Health writers and editors (including me) a few sunscreens each to test out on themselves and their kids. We compared how effective each product was, how long it stayed on, how easy it was to apply, and what it felt like on our skin. We also took into account how well our kids tolerated the application process and which sunscreens appealed to them based on packaging, smell, and feel. Plus, we looked at ingredients, making sure every sunscreen on our list is formulated with gentle, nontoxic ingredients.

Based on how the sunscreens performed, we chose our favorites and categorized them to highlight the various ways in which they excelled. We also took into account price and availability to make sure we came up with a range of sunscreens suitable for a variety of needs and budgets.

We also consulted with two experts and asked for their favorite picks and recommendations:

  • Angela Lamb, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and associate professor of dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City
  • Nicole N. Harter, MD, division chief of pediatric dermatology at Children’s Nebraska Omaha and an associate professor of dermatology at the University of Nebraska Medical Center

What to Look for When Buying Mineral Sunscreen for Kids

It’s a good idea to think about a few factors when you choose a kids’ mineral sunscreen. Consider how strong of an SPF you want, how you’d like to apply it, and what ingredients each sunscreen has. Perhaps you need something hypoallergenic, or you want one packed full of skin-soothing botanicals. Lastly, price is an important factor. Sunscreen can be pretty expensive, but our list includes several budget-priced options.

  • SPF Most mineral sunscreens range from SPF 30 to SPF 60 (and sometimes past that). If your child is fair-skinned and burns easily, opting for a higher SPF is a good idea. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, people should use an SPF 30 sunscreen for everyday use, but for long days outdoors, SPF 50 is recommended.

  • Type Sunscreens typically come as a lotion, spray, stick, or a gel. Lotions tend to get you more bang for your buck. Sticks are easier to apply to faces and small children. Sprays can help ease the application process. And gels typically have the least white cast and a lightweight feel.
  • Additional Ingredients If your child has sensitive skin, you’re already on the right track choosing a mineral sunscreen. Many mineral sunscreens have beneficial added ingredients, like aloe or shea butter, to help soothe and protect skin from the sun.
  • Price The cost of sunscreen can vary a lot. You can expect to pay from $10 to $40. Think about how much you’re willing to spend and how much sunscreen that gets you. For example, a stick and a bottle of lotion may have similar prices, but the lotion may have 10 times as much sunscreen as the stick does.

How Is Mineral Sunscreen Different From Chemical Sunscreen?

Mineral sunscreen sits on the surface of your skin, where tiny particles of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide create a physical barrier that prevents UV rays from reaching your skin.

 These active ingredients won’t penetrate below the outermost layer of your skin, the epidermis. Mineral sunscreen tends to be thicker and whiter than chemical sunscreen, but it’s typically nontoxic, can be completely naturally derived, and can be hypoallergenic.
Chemical sunscreen sinks deeper into your skin and uses chemicals to convert UV rays into heat after they reach your skin, rather than blocking them out to begin with.

 These chemicals can be irritating to skin, which is why it’s a good idea to avoid chemical sunscreen for your kids. It also needs about 10 to 15 minutes to start working after application, whereas mineral sunscreen is effective immediately after application. 

How Is Kids’ Sunscreen Different From Adult Sunscreen?

Basically, it’s not. No set of regulations or standards defines a kids’ sunscreen, and it’s a company’s decision to market a sunscreen as either a kids’ or adult product. Generally speaking, sunscreens made for kids or babies are formulated for more-sensitive skin, usually with no added fragrances or chemicals. They may also be geared toward easier application, with fun, easy-to-use packaging to help encourage kids to put on sunscreen. 

Are All Mineral Sunscreens Reef-Safe?

No. All the sunscreens on our list use non-nano zinc oxide. But some mineral sunscreens use nanoparticles, where the metal has been crushed to less than 100 nanometers in size. While these finer particles make it much easier to rub in your sunscreen and get rid of that ghostly white cast, studies in the lab have shown that nanoparticles from sunscreen could lead to coral bleaching. Though it’s still unclear if this translates to real-life conditions, you may want to choose non-nano sunscreens to be on the safe side.

 It’s important to note that this study was done in a lab, and not in the ocean. Studies are still ongoing.

Most sunscreens that advertise as reef-safe are going to use non-nano zinc. But “reef-safe” and “reef-friendly” are not regulated terms, and it’s best to ensure that your mineral sunscreen is non-nano by checking with the company itself.

Still, whether it’s nano or non-nano, mineral sunscreen is still a probable better choice for marine life than chemical sunscreens, which are being scrutinized more closely for coral bleaching.


Are Nano Zinc Oxide and Nano Titanium Dioxide Dangerous?

Most research on nanoparticles has found that they don’t get absorbed through human skin. Also, the FDA considers nanoparticles completely safe to use in sunscreen lotion. However, skeptics are out there. According to some research, it can be toxic to skin cells.

 It’s also important to remember that nanoparticles from sunscreen may not be reef-safe, as mentioned above.
It’s more widely accepted that metallic nanoparticles are dangerous if inhaled or eaten, and can cause damage to your lungs or GI tract, as well as cause respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. So they don’t belong in spray-on sunscreens, nor in the hands of anyone prone to sticking their fingers in their mouth. (Babies, we’re looking at you.)

FAQ

Why is it important for children to use sunscreen?
Research has found that childhood sunburns, or sunburns sustained before the age of 20, have a causal relationship to both malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers.

 “Just one blistering sunburn in childhood or adolescence can nearly double the risk of melanoma later in life,” says Dr. Harter.

Broad-spectrum means a sunscreen blocks out both UVA and UVB rays. UVA rays penetrate deeper into your skin and are the main cause of wrinkles. UVB rays hit the top layer and cause sunburns.

Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours, and when swimming or sweating, according to its listed water-resistance (usually every 40 or 80 minutes). It’s best to reapply sunscreen to your child right after they get out of the water, even if it hasn’t yet been two hours. 

“SPF 30 blocks about 97 percent of UVB rays, while SPF 50 blocks about 98 percent,” says Harter. “No sunscreen blocks 100 percent of UV rays, so I recommend SPF 30 to 50.”

Make sure your child is wearing a hat, long sleeves, and staying out of the sun from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., when the sun’s rays are the strongest. Stay covered as much as possible — when it comes to SPF, most fabrics are going to outperform the strongest sunscreen.

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Mary Dennis

Author

Mary Dennis is a Singaporean American health and science writer based in New York. Her work has been published in the Beijinger, Nautilus, South China Morning Post, Motherly, and V...

Jacquelyn Dosal

Jacquelyn Dosal, MD

Medical Reviewer

Jacquelyn Dosal, MD, is a board-certified dermatologist practicing at The Dermatology House in Park City, Utah. Her areas of expertise include acne, rosacea, integrative treatments...

Orlando de Guzman

Fact-Checker

Orlando de Guzman is a writer and editor with expertise in health and environmental news. He has a background in investigative and science journalism and has worked on documentary ...

Nicole Bonaccorso

Nicole Bonaccorso

Editor and Tester

Nicole Bonaccorso is a writer and editor with more than 12 years of journalism experience. She has been writing for Everyday Health since 2025, and has also been published on NBCNe...

Mary Dennis

Tester

Mary Dennis is a Singaporean American health and science writer based in New York. Her work has been published in the Beijinger, Nautilus, South China Morning Post, Motherly, and V...

Grace Gallagher

Tester

Grace Gallagher is a writer with nearly a decade of experience writing about health and wellness, focusing on hair, sexual wellness, pregnancy, and parenting. She also works full-t...

SaVanna Shoemaker, MS, RDN, LD

Tester

SaVanna Shoemaker is a registered dietitian and health writer. As a registered dietitian, SaVanna has worked with pregnant and postpartum women, infants and children, people with c...

Julia Childs Heyl, MSW

Tester

Julia Childs Heyl, MSW, is a California-based clinical social worker and mental health writer. Her writing often focuses on mental health disparities and uses critical race theory ...

Katrina Cossey

Katrina Cossey

Tester

Katrina Cossey is a writer and editor with over 10 years of experience in broadcast and service journalism. Over her career, she’s covered topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, new...

Olivia Campbell

Tester

Olivia Campbell is the New York Times bestselling author of Women in White Coats: How the First Women Doctors Changed the World of Medicine and Sisters in Science: How Four Women P...

EDITORIAL SOURCES
Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
Resources
  1. Raymond-Lezman JR et al. Attitudes, Behaviors, and Risks of Sun Protection to Prevent Skin Cancer Amongst Children, Adolescents, and Adults. Cureus. February 13, 2023.
  2. Gefeller O et al. Children and Ultraviolet Radiation. Children. April 11, 2022.
  3. Brar G et al. A Comprehensive Review of the Role of UV Radiation in Photoaging Processes Between Different Types of Skin. Cureus. March 24, 2025.
  4. Hariani FO et al. Component, Formulation and Regulatory of Sunscreen Materials: A Brief Review. Korean Journal of Materials Research. March 27, 2023.
  5. Rajan R. An Introduction to Sunscreens. Sunscreens for Skin of Color. November 30, 2024.
  6. Goosenberg E et al. Lactose Intolerance. StatPearls. August 6, 2025.
  7. Sunscreen & Your Skin: Understanding SPF and How it Protects You from Skin Cancer. Skin Cancer Foundation.
  8. Sander M et al. The efficacy and safety of sunscreen use for the prevention of skin cancer. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal. December 14, 2020.
  9. Chatzigianni M et al. Environmental impacts due to the use of sunscreen products: a mini-review. Ecotoxicology. September 29, 2022.
  10. Wheate NJ. A review of environmental contamination and potential health impacts on aquatic life from the active chemicals in sunscreen formulations. Australian Journal of Chemistry. March 15, 2022.
  11. Wang M et al. Evaluation of immunoresponses and cytotoxicity from skin exposure to metallic nanoparticles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. August 1, 2018.
  12. Yin XH et al. Nanoparticles: Excellent Materials Yet Dangerous When They Become Airborne. Toxics. January 22, 2022.
  13. Li Y et al. Childhood sunburn and risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a Mendelian randomization study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. December 1, 2023.
  14. Berry EG et al. Slip versus Slop: A Head-to-Head Comparison of UV-Protective Clothing to Sunscreen. Cancers. January 21, 2022.