Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that affects the throat, nose, and lungs. Symptoms include a runny nose, congestion, sneezing, wheezing, cough, and fever, and these are often mild but occasionally severe in infants, older adults, and people with chronic health conditions. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms, but a person with severe RSV may need to stay in a hospital. Lifestyle factors like hand-washing, cleaning surfaces, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and vaccination can help prevent the spread of RSV.
What Is RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and PreventionMedically Reviewed by Allison Buttarazzi, MD | July 18, 2024
FAQ
Who is at high risk for severe RSV?
At-risk populations — for severe RSV and complications like bronchiolitis and pneumonia — include infants who are born early, people with compromised immune systems, older adults, and those with chronic heart or lung disease.
How is RSV spread?
RSV spreads through droplets from coughs, sneezes, kissing, and contact with contaminated surfaces. It enters through the nose, eyes, or mouth and remains highly contagious for three to eight days in most people, but longer in at-risk populations.
What are the symptoms of RSV?
In most people, RSV leads to a runny nose, congestion, mild headache, cough, fatigue, and fever. These symptoms usually last three to seven days, but the cough may last longer. Breathing difficulties and dehydration show severe RSV in infants.
Is there a vaccine for RSV?
Mresvia, Arexvy, and Abrysvo are the RSV vaccines available for older adults, and pregnant people can also receive Abrysvo to help protect infants from before birth. Some children may receive a monoclonal antibody against RSV called Nirsevimab-alip, and may need two doses.
How is RSV treated?
RSV often resolves in a week or two without active treatment, using only supportive care to ease symptoms. However, people with compromised immune systems may receive ribavirin, an antiviral medication, or intravenous immunoglobulin. Those with severe RSV may require hospitalization.
Meet Our Experts In Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Everyday Health’s team of board-certified physicians and health professionals contribute to the creation and review of content, ensuring that the information is useful, up to date, and accurate.
Michael S. Niederman, MD, is the lead academic and patient quality officer in the division of pulmonary and critical care medicine at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City;...
Allison Buttarazzi, MD, is board-certified in internal medicine and lifestyle medicine, and is a certified health and well-being coach. In her primary care practice, Dr. Buttarazzi...
Jane Yoon Scott, MD, is an infectious disease physician and an assistant professor of medicine at Emory University in Atlanta. Dr. Scott enjoys connecting with her patients, empowe...
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What Is RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and PreventionMedically Reviewed by Allison Buttarazzi, MD | July 18, 2024
